The efficiency of administering drugs trough transdermic systems

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Article Title:	The efficiency of administering drugs trough transdermic systems
Authors:	Duka Robert, Melania Munteanu
Affiliation:	“Vasile Goldiş” Western University Arad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy “Vasile Goldiş” Western University Arad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy
Abstract:	Transdermal delivery systems have become more increasingly important for treating neurologic and psychiatric disorders. Cholinesterase inhibitors have all been available in oral formulations but the rivastigmine patch was the first patch to be approved to treat Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The goal was to review the available pharmacokinetic data that supported the rationale behind the development of the rivastigmine transdermal patch and its clinical effects in Alzheimer’s disease. The 9.5 mg/24 h rivastigmine patch was shown to provide comparable exposure to the highest recommended doses of capsules (12 mg/day) with significantly lower maximum plasma concentration (Cmax 8.7 vs. 21.6 ng/ml) and slower absorption rate (tmax 8.1 vs. 1.4 h). In a clinical trial of 1195 AD patients, this translated into similar efficacy with three times fewer reports of nausea and vomiting (7.2% vs. 23.1%, and 6.2% vs. 17.0% respectively). Consequently, more patients in the 9.5 mg/24 h patch group achieved their target therapeutic dose at the end of the study, compared with those in the 12 mg/day capsule group (95.9% vs. 64.4%). This treatment is well tolerated by patients because drug delivery is even and continuous, reducing fluctuation in drug plasma level, and attenuating the development of centrally mediated cholinergic side effects. Improved compliance with a subsequent drug administration may contribute to better clinical efficacy, reduce caregiver burden, result in a slower rate of institutionalization, and lead to a decrease in healthcare and medical costs. Because of these advantages, the rivastigmine patch has enabled great progress in treatment of AD, and may allow patients to achieve optimal therapeutic doses and to benefit from a longer duration of treatment.
Keywords:	patch, transdermal delivery system, Alzheimer’s disease, rivastigmine, dementia
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*Correspondence:	Duka Robert, “Vasile Goldiş” Western University Arad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Romania, Tel: 0726 257108, email: rob_footprint@yahoo.com