Modulations of stomatal density, leaf physiology, and biochemical markers in ’Serafim’ basil cultivar induced by salinity
September 9, 2026
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| Article Title: | Modulations of stomatal density, leaf physiology, and biochemical markers in ’Serafim’ basil cultivar induced by salinity |
| Authors: | Olaru E.-I., Zamfirache M.-M. |
| Affiliation: | Faculty of Biology, „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Carol I Bd., no. 20A, 700505, Iași, Romania |
| Abstract: | The anthocyanin pigmentation of the leaves, a distinctive trait of the Romanian purple basil cultivar ‘Serafim’ (Ocimum basilicum L.), raises the question of whether this genotype responds to salt stress through different mechanisms compared to green basil varieties. To answer this, plants were exposed to 100, 150, and 200 mM NaCl under laboratory and semi-open greenhouse conditions, while simultaneously evaluating their micromorphological, physiological, and biochemical responses. Results reveal a rapid non-enzymatic antioxidant response; polyphenols and antioxidant activity (DPPH) increased significantly from the lowest salinity level. Carotenoid content remained negligible, suggesting their photoprotective role is substituted by existing foliar anthocyanins. Stomatal behaviour diverged by environment: elevated NaCl decreased stomatal area while maintaining stable density in the lab, contrasting with dynamic density remodelling in the greenhouse. Ultimately, these data outline a unique salinity adaptation strategy built entirely upon the plant’s innate anthocyanin resources. |
| Keywords: | Ocimum basilicum L., ‘Serafim’ purple, salt stress, stomatal density, physiological and biochemical response. |
| *Correspondence: | Elena-Iren OLARU (HÂNCU), „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” of Iași University, Faculty of Biology, Carol I Bd., no. 20A, 700505, Iași, Romania, email: elenairenh@gmail.com |
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