Assessment of the agricultural and domestic water usage by the women of N’Hambita village, Sofala province, Mozambique


Assessment of the agricultural and domestic water usage by the women of N’Hambita village, Sofala province, Mozambique

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Title: Assessment of the agricultural and domestic water usage by the women of N’Hambita village, Sofala province, Mozambique
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Article_Title: Assessment of the agricultural and domestic water usage by the women of N’Hambita village, Sofala province, Mozambique
Authors: Jelena Barbir, Maria Prats Ferret
Affiliation: 1 Department of ICTA, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain
2 Department of Geography, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain
Abstract: The research took place in rural central Mozambique, within N’hambita Village, located in the buffer area of Gorongosa National Park. The focus of the study was to assess the agricultural and domestic water usage by local people. Due to the fact that women of the households are mainly responsible for the water collection and the agricultural activities, the investigation has been conducted among the women of the village. In order to collect the social and environmental data, the methodology of the research was based on interviews, questionnaires, GPS mapping of water sources and observation of the water use. The people of the village rely on the three different water sources: boreholes, wells and the river Ripisse, which passes through the village. The Ripisse River is described like the seasonal river stream, which leaves the local people to irrigate their cultivations only from the wells and boreholes water. This research assesses the present water management practices of the village members, and investigates the potentials for the sustainable improvements.
Keywords: Mozambique, rural water management, women
References: Aryeetey-Attoh S, Geography of sub-Saharan Africa, Upper Saddle River, Prentice Hall, 2003. http://
www.unicef.org/infobycountry/mozambique_statistics.html. Consulted May 2010.
Banks D, Røyset O, Strand T, Skarphagen H, Radioelement (U,Th, Rn) concentrations in Norwegian bedrock groundwaters. Environmental Geology 25,165 –180, 1995.
Barret H, Browne A, Gender, environment and development in sub-Saharan Africa, in : Binns, Tony People and Environment in Africa, Chichester, Willey, 31-38, 1995.
Batchelor CH, Lovell CJ, Semple J, Garden irrigation for improving agricultural sustainability in cryland areas, Land Use Policy 11(4), 286-293, 1994.
Boserup E, Women’s role in economic development, London: Allen and Unwin, 1970.
Carvajal-Escobar J, Quintero-Angel M, Garcia-Vargas M, Women’s role in adapting to climate change and variability, Advances in Geosciences 14, 277-280, 2008.
Doss CR, Designing Agricultural Technology for African Women Farmers: Lessons from 25 years of
Experience, World development. 29, 12, 2075-2092 (17), 2001.
Grieco M, Apt N, Turner J, At Christmas and on rainy days: Transport travel and the female traders of Accra. Aldershot: Avebury, pp. 33, 1996.
Hanjira M, Ferede T, Gutta DG, Reducing poverty in sub-Saharan Africa through investments in water and other priorities, Agricultural Water Management, 96, 1062–1070, 2009.
Hegerl GC, Zwiers FW, Braconnot P, Gillett NP, Luo Y, Marengo Orsini JA, Nicholls N, Penner JE, Stott PA, Understanding and Attributing Climate Change. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. 9, 663-746 (83), 2007.
Hoko Z, Hertle J, An Evaluation oft he Sustainabilitz of a Rural Water Rehabilitation Project in Zimbabwe, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 31, 699-706, 2006.
IFAD, 2001. Rural Poverty Report 2001 – The Challenge of Ending Rural Poverty. <http://www.ifad.org/
poverty/e_sum.pdf> Retrieved on 02/07/2009.
Lado C, Female labour participation in agricultural production and the implications for nutrition and health in rural Africa, Social Science & Medecine, 34(7), 789-807, 1992.
Lockie S, Rockloff S, Decision Frameworks: Assessment of the Social Aspects of Decision Frameworks &
Development of a Conceptual Model. Technical Report 20, 17-28 (11), 2005.
Mazvimavi D, Mmopelwa G, Access to Water in Gazetted and Ungazetted Rural Settlements in Ngamiland,Botswana, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 31, pp. 713-722, 2006.
Momsen JH, Gender and Development, Abingdon: Routledge. 2004.
Osbahr H, Twyman C, Adger WN, Thomas DSG, Effective Livelihood Adaptation to Climate Change
Disturbance: Scale Dimensions of Practice in Mozambique. Geoforum 39, 1951-1964 (13), 2008.
Pretes M, Microequity and Microfinance. World Development. Elsevier. 30, 8, 1341-1353 (12), 2002
Reimann C, Bjorvatn K, Frengstad B, Melaku Z, Tekle- Haimanot R, Siewers U, Drinking water Quelity in the Ethiopian Section of East African Rift Valley I – Data and Health Aspects, The Science of the Total Environment 311, 65-80, 2003.
Sanchez PA, Linking Climate Change Research with Food Security and Poverty Reduction in the Tropics,
Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 82, 371-383 (12), 2000.
Shaw AB, Approaches to Agricultural Technology Adoption and Consequences of Adoption in the Third World: a Critical Review. Geoforum.18, 1, 1-19 (19), 1987.
Sijali IV, Drip Irrigation: Options for Smallholder Farmers in Eastern and Southern Africa. RELMA
Technical Handbook. 24, 16-19 (3), 2001.
Simeunovic J, Barsi A, Barbir J, Knezevic P, Petrovic O, Microbiological Study of Special Nature Reserve “Gornje Podunavlje” (the Upper Danube Basin) – Monoštorski rit (Monostor marsh), Proceedings
36th International Conference of IAD. Austrian Committee DanubeResearch / IAD, Vienna. ISBN 13: 978-3-9500723-2-7. 343-347, 2006.
Stock R, Africa South of the Sahara. A geographical interpretation, New York, Gilford Press, 2004.
Turner B, Small- scale Irrigation in Developing Countries, Land Use Policy 11 (4), 251-261, 1994.
Van Koppen B, Hussain I, Gender and irrigation: overview of issues and options, Irrigation and
Draining, 56, 289-298, 2007.
WHO, Domestic water quantity, service level and health, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland, 2003.
Williams M, Ryan CM, Rees RM, Sambane E, Fernando J, Grace J, Carbon Sequestration and Biodiversity of Re-growing Moimbo Woodlands in Mozambique. Forest Ecology and Management. 254, 145-155 (10), 2008.
WorldBank (2010): http://data.worldbank.org/about/ country-classifications/country-and-lendinggroups#Low_income. Consulted May 2010.
Read_full_article: pdf/21-2011/21-2-2011/SU21-2-2011Barbir.pdf
Correspondence: Jelena Barbir, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Faculty of Science, Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Tel: +34634533214, E-mail: jelenabarbir@gmail.com

Read full article
Article Title: Assessment of the agricultural and domestic water usage by the women of N’Hambita village, Sofala province, Mozambique
Authors: Jelena Barbir, Maria Prats Ferret
Affiliation: 1 Department of ICTA, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain
2 Department of Geography, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain
Abstract: The research took place in rural central Mozambique, within N’hambita Village, located in the buffer area of Gorongosa National Park. The focus of the study was to assess the agricultural and domestic water usage by local people. Due to the fact that women of the households are mainly responsible for the water collection and the agricultural activities, the investigation has been conducted among the women of the village. In order to collect the social and environmental data, the methodology of the research was based on interviews, questionnaires, GPS mapping of water sources and observation of the water use. The people of the village rely on the three different water sources: boreholes, wells and the river Ripisse, which passes through the village. The Ripisse River is described like the seasonal river stream, which leaves the local people to irrigate their cultivations only from the wells and boreholes water. This research assesses the present water management practices of the village members, and investigates the potentials for the sustainable improvements.
Keywords: Mozambique, rural water management, women
References: Aryeetey-Attoh S, Geography of sub-Saharan Africa, Upper Saddle River, Prentice Hall, 2003. http://
www.unicef.org/infobycountry/mozambique_statistics.html. Consulted May 2010.
Banks D, Røyset O, Strand T, Skarphagen H, Radioelement (U,Th, Rn) concentrations in Norwegian bedrock groundwaters. Environmental Geology 25,165 –180, 1995.
Barret H, Browne A, Gender, environment and development in sub-Saharan Africa, in : Binns, Tony People and Environment in Africa, Chichester, Willey, 31-38, 1995.
Batchelor CH, Lovell CJ, Semple J, Garden irrigation for improving agricultural sustainability in cryland areas, Land Use Policy 11(4), 286-293, 1994.
Boserup E, Women’s role in economic development, London: Allen and Unwin, 1970.
Carvajal-Escobar J, Quintero-Angel M, Garcia-Vargas M, Women’s role in adapting to climate change and variability, Advances in Geosciences 14, 277-280, 2008.
Doss CR, Designing Agricultural Technology for African Women Farmers: Lessons from 25 years of
Experience, World development. 29, 12, 2075-2092 (17), 2001.
Grieco M, Apt N, Turner J, At Christmas and on rainy days: Transport travel and the female traders of Accra. Aldershot: Avebury, pp. 33, 1996.
Hanjira M, Ferede T, Gutta DG, Reducing poverty in sub-Saharan Africa through investments in water and other priorities, Agricultural Water Management, 96, 1062–1070, 2009.
Hegerl GC, Zwiers FW, Braconnot P, Gillett NP, Luo Y, Marengo Orsini JA, Nicholls N, Penner JE, Stott PA, Understanding and Attributing Climate Change. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. 9, 663-746 (83), 2007.
Hoko Z, Hertle J, An Evaluation oft he Sustainabilitz of a Rural Water Rehabilitation Project in Zimbabwe, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 31, 699-706, 2006.
IFAD, 2001. Rural Poverty Report 2001 – The Challenge of Ending Rural Poverty. <http://www.ifad.org/
poverty/e_sum.pdf> Retrieved on 02/07/2009.
Lado C, Female labour participation in agricultural production and the implications for nutrition and health in rural Africa, Social Science & Medecine, 34(7), 789-807, 1992.
Lockie S, Rockloff S, Decision Frameworks: Assessment of the Social Aspects of Decision Frameworks &
Development of a Conceptual Model. Technical Report 20, 17-28 (11), 2005.
Mazvimavi D, Mmopelwa G, Access to Water in Gazetted and Ungazetted Rural Settlements in Ngamiland,Botswana, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 31, pp. 713-722, 2006.
Momsen JH, Gender and Development, Abingdon: Routledge. 2004.
Osbahr H, Twyman C, Adger WN, Thomas DSG, Effective Livelihood Adaptation to Climate Change
Disturbance: Scale Dimensions of Practice in Mozambique. Geoforum 39, 1951-1964 (13), 2008.
Pretes M, Microequity and Microfinance. World Development. Elsevier. 30, 8, 1341-1353 (12), 2002
Reimann C, Bjorvatn K, Frengstad B, Melaku Z, Tekle- Haimanot R, Siewers U, Drinking water Quelity in the Ethiopian Section of East African Rift Valley I – Data and Health Aspects, The Science of the Total Environment 311, 65-80, 2003.
Sanchez PA, Linking Climate Change Research with Food Security and Poverty Reduction in the Tropics,
Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 82, 371-383 (12), 2000.
Shaw AB, Approaches to Agricultural Technology Adoption and Consequences of Adoption in the Third World: a Critical Review. Geoforum.18, 1, 1-19 (19), 1987.
Sijali IV, Drip Irrigation: Options for Smallholder Farmers in Eastern and Southern Africa. RELMA
Technical Handbook. 24, 16-19 (3), 2001.
Simeunovic J, Barsi A, Barbir J, Knezevic P, Petrovic O, Microbiological Study of Special Nature Reserve “Gornje Podunavlje” (the Upper Danube Basin) – Monoštorski rit (Monostor marsh), Proceedings
36th International Conference of IAD. Austrian Committee DanubeResearch / IAD, Vienna. ISBN 13: 978-3-9500723-2-7. 343-347, 2006.
Stock R, Africa South of the Sahara. A geographical interpretation, New York, Gilford Press, 2004.
Turner B, Small- scale Irrigation in Developing Countries, Land Use Policy 11 (4), 251-261, 1994.
Van Koppen B, Hussain I, Gender and irrigation: overview of issues and options, Irrigation and
Draining, 56, 289-298, 2007.
WHO, Domestic water quantity, service level and health, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland, 2003.
Williams M, Ryan CM, Rees RM, Sambane E, Fernando J, Grace J, Carbon Sequestration and Biodiversity of Re-growing Moimbo Woodlands in Mozambique. Forest Ecology and Management. 254, 145-155 (10), 2008.
WorldBank (2010): http://data.worldbank.org/about/ country-classifications/country-and-lendinggroups#Low_income. Consulted May 2010.
*Correspondence: Jelena Barbir, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Faculty of Science, Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Tel: +34634533214, E-mail: jelenabarbir@gmail.com