Immunohistochemical expression of p53 in squamous cell carcinoma with different localization in the area of the head and neck

Immunohistochemical expression of p53 in squamous cell carcinoma with different localization in the area of the head and neck

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Title: Immunohistochemical expression of p53 in squamous cell carcinoma with different localization in the area of the head and neck
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Article_Title: Immunohistochemical expression of p53 in squamous cell carcinoma with different localization in the area of the head and neck
Authors: Elisabeta Maria Vasca, Virgil Vasca, Raluca Amalia Ceausu, Ovidiu Mederle, Pusa Gaje, Tatiana Duminica, Marius Raica, Caius Doros
Affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine, “Vasile Goldis” Western University Arad, Romania
“Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center Timisoara, Romania
“Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Timisoara, Romania
“Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, ENT Department, Timisoara, Romania
Abstract: The p53 protein is a transcription factor, which regulates the cell cycle arrest, DNA repair and apoptosis. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma remain a challenging disease despite intensive clinical research. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of p53 in squamous cell carcinomas with different locations in head and neck region. We included in our study 15 patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma from the pharyngeal area (2 cases), larynx (5 cases), the nasal pyramid (1 case), oral cavity (7 cases). Immunohistochemical tehnique used p53, (clone DO-7, RTU, Dako Cytomation, Denmark) like primary antibody, NovoLink Max Polymer Detection System as visualization system, DAB as chromogen, Lille’s haematoxyline for counterstain. p53 immunoreactivity in tumor cells was estimated as percent of positive cells according to this score: 0 (0% positive cells); 1 (<10%); 2 (10-30%); 3 (>30%). Were found the following values of score to the population included in the study: 3 in the 11% cases, 2 in 62% cases, 1 in 18% cases, 0 in 9% cases. The lowest score was found in the case from submandibular area. It was found a heterogeneity of the score in the area of the oral cavity, for the same degree of differentiation: maximum score for the cases coming from the area of the lip and of the hard palate and minimum score for the squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. These observations can be useful for a new classification of HNSCC which can improve the diagnosis, better stratification and a more targeted therapeutic schemes of these disease.
Keywords: p 53, squamous cell carcinoma, head, neck
References: Baker SJ, Fearon ER, Nigro JM, Hamilton SR, Preisinger AC, Jessup JM, vanTuinen P, Ledbetter DH, Barker DF, Nakamura Y, White R, Vogelstein B. Chromosome 17 deletions and p53 gene mutations in colorectal carcinomas. Science. 1989;244(4901):217–221.
Bauer JH, Helfand SL, New tricks of an old molecule: lifespan regulation by p53, Aging Cell., 2006; 5:437-440.
Caminero MJ, Núñez F, Suárez C, Ablanedo P, Riera JR, Dominguez F., Detection of p53 protein in oropharyngeal carcinoma. Prognostic implications, Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg., 1996; 122(7):769-772.
Govindaraja C, Chandramouli A, Chandramouli C, P53 mutations in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research, 2010; 1(3): 117-121.
Friend S, p53: a glimpse at the puppet behind the shadow play, Science, 1994; 265(5170): 334-335.
Geisler SA, Olshan AF, Weissler MC, Cai J, Funkhouser WK, Smith J, Vick K, p16 and p53 protein expression as prognostic indicators of survival and disease recurrence from head and neck cancer, Clin Cancer Res., 2002; 8:3445-3453.
Heah KG, Abu Hassan MI, Huat SC, p53 Expression as a Marker of Microinvasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2011; 12: 1017-1022.
Isobe M, Emanuel BS, Givol D, Oren M, Croce CM. Localization of gene for human p53 tumour antigen to band 17p13. Nature. 1986;320(6057):84–85.
Kern SE, Kinzler KW, Bruskin A, Jarosz D, Friedman P, Prives C, Vogelstein B. Identification of p53 as a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein. Science. 1991;252(5013):1708–1711.
Matlashewski G, Lamb P, Pim D, Peacock J, Crawford L, Benchimol S. Isolation and characterization of a human p53 cDNA clone: expression of the human p53 gene. EMBO J.. 1984;3(13):3257–3262.
McBride OW, Merry D, Givol D. The gene for human p53 cellular tumor antigen is located on chromosome 17 short arm (17p13). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.. 1986;83(1):130–134.
Mineta H, Borg A, Dictor M, Wahlberg P, Akervall J, Wennerberg J, p53 mutation, but not p53 overexpression, correlates with survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, Br J Cancer, 1998; 78(8):1084-1090.
Munirajan AK, Tutsumi-Ishii Y, Mohanprasad BK, Hirano Y, Munakata N, Shanmugam G, Tsuchida N, . p53 gene mutations in oral carcinomas from India., Int J Cancer. 1996; 66(3):297-300.
Nagai MA, Miracca EC, Yamamoto L, et al. TP53 genetic alterations in head-and-neck carcinomas from Brazil. International Journal of Cancer Journal International du Cancer.1998;76:13–18.
Paterson IC, Eveson JW, Prime SS: Molecular changes in oral cancer may reflect aetiology and ethnic origin. Eur J Cancer 1996; 328:150-153.
Perrone F, Bossi P, Cortelazzi B, TP53 mutations and pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant cisplatin and fluorouracil chemotherapy in resected oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, J Clin Oncol., 2010; 28:761–766.
Poeta LM, Goldwasser MA, Forastiere A, Benoit N, Califano L, Ridge JA, Goodwin J, Kenady D, Sidransky D, Koch WM, Prognostic implication of p53 mutations in HNSCC: Results of Intragroup margin study (E4393), Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2006 ASCO Annual Meeting Proceedings Part I. 24(18S): 5504.
Sano D, Xie TX, Ow TJ, Zhao M, Pickering R, Zhou G, Sandulache VC, Wheeler DA, Gibbs RA, Caulin C, Disruptive TP53 mutation is associated with aggressive disease characteristics in an orthotopic murine model of oral tongue cancer, Clinical Cancer Research, 2011; 17(21):6658- 6670.
Somers KD, Merrick MA, Lopez ME, Incognito LS, Schechter GL, Casey G. Frequent p53 mutations in head and neck cancer. Cancer Res. 1992; 52(21):5997–6000.
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Article Title: Immunohistochemical expression of p53 in squamous cell carcinoma with different localization in the area of the head and neck
Authors: Elisabeta Maria Vasca, Virgil Vasca, Raluca Amalia Ceausu, Ovidiu Mederle, Pusa Gaje, Tatiana Duminica, Marius Raica, Caius Doros
Affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine, “Vasile Goldis” Western University Arad, Romania
“Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center Timisoara, Romania
“Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Timisoara, Romania
“Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, ENT Department, Timisoara, Romania
Abstract: The p53 protein is a transcription factor, which regulates the cell cycle arrest, DNA repair and apoptosis. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma remain a challenging disease despite intensive clinical research. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of p53 in squamous cell carcinomas with different locations in head and neck region. We included in our study 15 patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma from the pharyngeal area (2 cases), larynx (5 cases), the nasal pyramid (1 case), oral cavity (7 cases). Immunohistochemical tehnique used p53, (clone DO-7, RTU, Dako Cytomation, Denmark) like primary antibody, NovoLink Max Polymer Detection System as visualization system, DAB as chromogen, Lille’s haematoxyline for counterstain. p53 immunoreactivity in tumor cells was estimated as percent of positive cells according to this score: 0 (0% positive cells); 1 (<10%); 2 (10-30%); 3 (>30%). Were found the following values of score to the population included in the study: 3 in the 11% cases, 2 in 62% cases, 1 in 18% cases, 0 in 9% cases. The lowest score was found in the case from submandibular area. It was found a heterogeneity of the score in the area of the oral cavity, for the same degree of differentiation: maximum score for the cases coming from the area of the lip and of the hard palate and minimum score for the squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. These observations can be useful for a new classification of HNSCC which can improve the diagnosis, better stratification and a more targeted therapeutic schemes of these disease.
Keywords: p 53, squamous cell carcinoma, head, neck
References: Baker SJ, Fearon ER, Nigro JM, Hamilton SR, Preisinger AC, Jessup JM, vanTuinen P, Ledbetter DH, Barker DF, Nakamura Y, White R, Vogelstein B. Chromosome 17 deletions and p53 gene mutations in colorectal carcinomas. Science. 1989;244(4901):217–221.
Bauer JH, Helfand SL, New tricks of an old molecule: lifespan regulation by p53, Aging Cell., 2006; 5:437-440.
Caminero MJ, Núñez F, Suárez C, Ablanedo P, Riera JR, Dominguez F., Detection of p53 protein in oropharyngeal carcinoma. Prognostic implications, Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg., 1996; 122(7):769-772.
Govindaraja C, Chandramouli A, Chandramouli C, P53 mutations in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research, 2010; 1(3): 117-121.
Friend S, p53: a glimpse at the puppet behind the shadow play, Science, 1994; 265(5170): 334-335.
Geisler SA, Olshan AF, Weissler MC, Cai J, Funkhouser WK, Smith J, Vick K, p16 and p53 protein expression as prognostic indicators of survival and disease recurrence from head and neck cancer, Clin Cancer Res., 2002; 8:3445-3453.
Heah KG, Abu Hassan MI, Huat SC, p53 Expression as a Marker of Microinvasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2011; 12: 1017-1022.
Isobe M, Emanuel BS, Givol D, Oren M, Croce CM. Localization of gene for human p53 tumour antigen to band 17p13. Nature. 1986;320(6057):84–85.
Kern SE, Kinzler KW, Bruskin A, Jarosz D, Friedman P, Prives C, Vogelstein B. Identification of p53 as a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein. Science. 1991;252(5013):1708–1711.
Matlashewski G, Lamb P, Pim D, Peacock J, Crawford L, Benchimol S. Isolation and characterization of a human p53 cDNA clone: expression of the human p53 gene. EMBO J.. 1984;3(13):3257–3262.
McBride OW, Merry D, Givol D. The gene for human p53 cellular tumor antigen is located on chromosome 17 short arm (17p13). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.. 1986;83(1):130–134.
Mineta H, Borg A, Dictor M, Wahlberg P, Akervall J, Wennerberg J, p53 mutation, but not p53 overexpression, correlates with survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, Br J Cancer, 1998; 78(8):1084-1090.
Munirajan AK, Tutsumi-Ishii Y, Mohanprasad BK, Hirano Y, Munakata N, Shanmugam G, Tsuchida N, . p53 gene mutations in oral carcinomas from India., Int J Cancer. 1996; 66(3):297-300.
Nagai MA, Miracca EC, Yamamoto L, et al. TP53 genetic alterations in head-and-neck carcinomas from Brazil. International Journal of Cancer Journal International du Cancer.1998;76:13–18.
Paterson IC, Eveson JW, Prime SS: Molecular changes in oral cancer may reflect aetiology and ethnic origin. Eur J Cancer 1996; 328:150-153.
Perrone F, Bossi P, Cortelazzi B, TP53 mutations and pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant cisplatin and fluorouracil chemotherapy in resected oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, J Clin Oncol., 2010; 28:761–766.
Poeta LM, Goldwasser MA, Forastiere A, Benoit N, Califano L, Ridge JA, Goodwin J, Kenady D, Sidransky D, Koch WM, Prognostic implication of p53 mutations in HNSCC: Results of Intragroup margin study (E4393), Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2006 ASCO Annual Meeting Proceedings Part I. 24(18S): 5504.
Sano D, Xie TX, Ow TJ, Zhao M, Pickering R, Zhou G, Sandulache VC, Wheeler DA, Gibbs RA, Caulin C, Disruptive TP53 mutation is associated with aggressive disease characteristics in an orthotopic murine model of oral tongue cancer, Clinical Cancer Research, 2011; 17(21):6658- 6670.
Somers KD, Merrick MA, Lopez ME, Incognito LS, Schechter GL, Casey G. Frequent p53 mutations in head and neck cancer. Cancer Res. 1992; 52(21):5997–6000.
*Correspondence: